When a Single Molecule Can Do More Than One Job
Genes are often understood in terms of the proteins they produce, but not all genetic material follows that path. Some RNA molecules play regulatory roles, influencing how genes are expressed rather than becoming proteins themselves. Understanding these roles can reshape how we think about gene regulation.
At SPARK! 2025 (Showcase of Projects, Art, Research, and Knowledge), Adam Poff, a Ph.D. student in Computational and Integrative Biology, presented research investigating whether a specific transfer RNA can function in more than one way. The study examines how tRNA-VAL-CAC-1-1 may act both as a traditional tRNA and as a regulatory fragment.
Abstract: Investigating tRNA-VAL-CAC-1-1: Acting as a tRNA or tRF in Drosophila melanogaster
Animal development is regulated by organismal genes. These genes are broadly divided into protein-coding and non-coding DNA. The latter is comprised of different functional groups; here, we focus on investigating the role of transfer RNA (tRNA) in posttranscriptional gene regulation.
Some tRNAs can function as tRNA fragments (tRFs), regulating mRNAs posttranscriptionally in a manner similar to microRNAs. The tRNA:Val-CAC-1-1 (ValT) (CR31572) was computationally predicted as a tRF in Drosophila melanogaster, targeting 51 genes.
In order to discern between the tRNA and tRF activities of ValT, several genomic modifications were made using genome engineering (CRISPR/Cas9). These include changing the predicted tRF domain and anticodon domains, deleting the gene (delta ValT), and replacing it with its native form as a control. All substituted ValTs were homozygous viable.
To obtain mRNA profile changes across these backgrounds, all transgenic lines were analyzed by RNA sequencing. We found groups of genes that were transcribed at different levels that were consistent across mutations in the tRF domain and others that were consistent across anticodon substitutions.
These genes indicate potential targets for future studies into the function of ValT as both a tRNA and a tRF.
Graduate Poster Exhibition at SPARK!
The Graduate Poster Exhibition celebrates the research and creative work of the graduate community, showcasing everything from prose and code to original research and artistic expression. As part of SPARK! (Showcase of Projects, Art, Research, and Knowledge), a reimagining of Research Week, the exhibition highlights the depth, range, and impact of graduate scholarship and invites the campus community to engage with ideas taking shape across disciplines.
Bridging Disciplines: The Center for Computational and Integrative Biology
The Center for Computational and Integrative Biology (CCIB) at Rutgers–Camden combines experimental and computational methods to address complex biological questions. CCIB offers graduate programs leading to M.S. and Ph.D. degrees, emphasizing a holistic understanding of biological systems from molecular to population levels. The curriculum equips students like Basirat with the skills to conduct innovative research at the intersection of biology, chemistry, computer science, mathematics, and physics.
Spotlights & Stories
Want more stories like this? Spotlights and Stories highlights alumni, faculty, staff, and student experiences through stories, video, and voice. Learn more
Explore Graduate School Programs
Rutgers Graduate School-Camden offers 20+ graduate certificates, master’s, and doctoral programs across various disciplines, including biology, data science, creative writing, and psychology. We take pride in our academic diversity. Learn more
Former Students, Get Involved
Stay connected with Rutgers-Camden! Engage with former students, attend events, and support current students. Your involvement strengthens our community and helps shape future success. Learn more